Will be an interesting read to see how others go about things. My process is as follows and I reserve the right to be wrong
I don't really ever cover my tires and wheels unless I'm using a compound that dusts heavily. I understand why some do but if it's not a product that really dusts up heavily, I do not. I do mask off some trim but not all. It depends on the vehicle, condition and type of trim/location. Heavily trim cladded SUV's I do as they can be a PIA to work around. window molding all depends on how close to the edge it is. Again, some go all-out, I've never had a problem and do minimal taping. I wipe inside doors, hood, roof lines, trunk, etc and can get product out of seams pretty easily.
Glass wise, I tend to coat or treat it first. Makes wiping off later a very very simple process and Windows are "thing" for me. I always do the inside and outside of glass before delivery insuring they are crystal clear. NOthing like a freshly detailed car and seeing marks or streaks on the glass when you sit in it or look the car over.
I also tend to coat the trim, tires, etc. dead last. I detail things in this order: Wheels, Glass, Paint, Trim. Wheels are a PIA and thus I tackle them first. I can cover if/when needed. Glass is next as noted above. Paint is obviously the bulk of my time and I do it from polishing/compounding through LSP before I move on to trim. Lastly, trim; mainly because it's me finalizing the car and applying some accents to the car. I have the ability to clean up any mishaps or splatter, etc and know that the trim will be good-to-go.
Very last step before delivery is I wash my hands really really good, grab a fresh towel and some detail spray and insure all is spotless. I then give the glass a final cleaning with Invisible Glass and makes sure it's crystal clear.
