Is it too much to ask a paint shop to re-do a job if you see pits in the paint surface? How about "orange peel"? Can you ask the paint shop to avoid ANY "orange peel" in their finish? Is it too much to ask them to call you immediately after the car is brought out of the curing room?
Yes, if there is solvent pop that goes all the way through the fresh clear, you shouldn't even have to ask them to re-work it, if they're a reputable shop they'll fix it themselves.
Orange peel is to be expected to some extent, some painters are better than others but since wet sanding and buffing to remove the peel is fairly simple to do it's no big deal. No need to rework it in the booth.
A phone call takes 5 minutes... you can certainly ask but if you're like me, I stop by the body shop at least once a day while a vehicle is there so I get to see it every step of the way and I have a pretty good idea when it's going to be in the booth/coming out of the booth.
A lot of places seem to finish the job, drive the car out into their lot and let it sit there a day or two, until they have time to call you. This is what happened to me. Sure enough a bird bomb was smack dab on the hood of the car. Dried, no less. Am I being unreasonable to have them repaint the entire hood again?
Did the fresh paint get etched, or was it alright after the bomb was wiped off? If it was fine, no need to re-work. If it could easily be wet sanded out, no need to rework. If the paint wrinkled or had any other irreparable damage, yes they should re-work it in the booth.
There was also a lot of peel on the surface not to mention a pit or two where it looks like paint bubbles 'popped'. If you look close, you can see this. But how adamant should I be about them re-doing this job?
Solvent pop or dry spray definitely warrant re-work because you can't repair them easily via wet sanding and buffing. If it's just orange peel you can cut/buff it yourself or pay a professional DETAILER to do it for you (NOT the body shop... their guys generally don't know what a detailer knows about finish sanding and buffing) to get the perfection you're after.
Is there any way to get a paint shop's guarentee that they will produce a "laser-like" finish to the surface?
Sure, there's a way: Money. Lots and lots of money.
Otherwise, the best you can hope for is a finish in a condition such that you can wet sand, buff it out to perfection, and have the laser-like finish you are after.